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An international team of researchers has developed a mechanical energy storage based on meta materials that combine high rigidity with an exceptional elastic energy density thanks to spirally twisted rods.
An international team of researchers led by the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) A new class of mechanical meta materials developed. These should be able to store large amounts of elastic energy and release again without being damaged. The key lies in a special geometry: strongly twisted, spirally deformed rods that are arranged inside the material.
The idea is based on a simple principle of mechanics. Classic springs store energy by bending. There are high tensions on the outer surfaces that quickly put the material to its limits. However, the researchers discovered that by torsion, i.e. the controlled twisting of a staff, energy can be saved more efficiently without the material breaks down or permanently deformed.
Researchers develop mechanical energy storage
The scientists transferred this discovery into a macroscopically usable material design: chiral meta materials, i.e. materials with mirror -image structures that are deformed in pressure. In simple experiments, they confirmed that these structures have a significantly higher enteal – i.e. storable energy density – mechanical storage solutions than previously known.
Depending on the execution, the energy density was two to 160 times higher than with comparable meta materials. The new materials are not only extremely resistant and efficient, but also versatile.
Applications in robotics, shock absorbers, energy -efficient machines or elastic joints are conceivable. The potential for purely mechanical energy storage solutions is particularly exciting, in which chemical or electrical conversion processes can be dispensed with.
Geometry as a key to efficiency
Professor Peter Gumbsch, head of the project and expert in materials mechanics at KIT, emphasizes the importance of design: The strength of these meta materials is not in the choice of a certain material, but in the geometric arrangement of the individual components, which gives them extraordinary properties.
This research marks an important step towards a new generation of mechanical energy storage that is light, robust and efficient. It shows once again that meta materials not only save elastic energy, but can also set new standards.
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